Toxicological Review of Beryllium and Compounds

By Bruce, Robert M., Ph. D.

Description
Excerpt: This document and summary information on IRIS have received peer review both by EPA scientists and by independent scientists external to EPA. Subsequent to external review and incorporation of comments, this assessment has undergone an Agencywide review process whereby the IRIS Program Manager has achieved a consensus approval among the Office of Research and Development; Office of Air and Radiation; Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances; Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response; Office of Water; Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation; and the Regional Offices.

Table of Contents
CONTENTS DISCLAIMER .............................................................ii FOREWORD ..............................................................v CONTRIBUTORS AND REVIEWERS ......................................... vi 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................1 2. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATION RELEVANT TO ASSESSMENTS ..... 2 3. TOXICOKINETICS RELEVANT TO ASSESSMENTS ...........................6 3.1. ABSORPTION ...................................................6 3.1.1. Respiratory Absorption ......................................7 3.1.2. Gastrointestinal Absorption ..................................10 3.1.3. Dermal Absorption ........................................10 3.2. DISTRIBUTION .................................................10 3.3. ELIMINATION AND EXCRETION..................................11 4. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION ..............................................12 4.1. STUDIES IN HUMANS—EPIDEMIOLOGY, CASE REPORTS, AND CLINICAL CONTROLS .........................................12 4.1.1. Chronic Beryllium Disease...................................12 4.1.2. Lung Cancer .............................................21 4.2. PRECHRONIC AND CHRONIC STUDIES AND CANCER BIOASSAYS IN ANIMALS—ORAL AND INHALATION .........................32 4.2.1. Oral Exposure ............................................32 4.2.2. Inhalation Exposure........................................37 4.3. REPRODUCTIVE/DEVELOPMENTAL STUDIES—ORAL AND INHALATION ............................................41 4.3.1. Oral Exposure ............................................41 4.3.2. Inhalation Exposure........................................41 4.3.3. Parenteral Administration....................................41 4.4. OTHER STUDIES ...............................................42 4.4.1. Mechanistic Studies ........................................42 4.4.2. Carcinogenicity Studies—Parenteral and Dermal Administration ...... 47 4.4.3. Genotoxicity .............................................48 4.5. SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF MAJOR NONCANCER EFFECTS AND MODE OF ACTION—ORAL AND INHALATION ...............49 4.5.1. Oral Exposure ............................................49 4.5.2. Inhalation Exposure........................................50

Book Id: WPLBN0000066419
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Reproduction Date: 2007
Full Text

Title:

Toxicological Review of Beryllium and Compounds

Author:

Bruce, Robert M., Ph. D.

Volume:

Language:

English

Subject:

Ecology, Natural resource issues, Environemtal protection

Collection:

Environmental Awareness Library Collection

Subcollection:

Historic
Publication Date:

Publisher:

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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