World Health Organization Publication : 54015: Global Prevalence of Iodine Deficincy Disorders

By Basil Hetzel

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
It is a pleasure for the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD), to be associated with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) in presenting this global summary of the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). This is the first publication derived from the WHO Micronutrient Deficiency Information System (MDIS). It is really only in the last 15 years that IDD have been widely recognised as a major public health problem throughout the world. Although in previous decades there was much biomedical research on endemic goitre and thyroid disorders, public health action for the control of IDD was relatively limited in scope and less systematic than should have been the case. This was duc to inadequate awareness of the effects of iodine deficiency on the growth and cognitive development of children and on human reproductive performance; the problem was too often seen as simply one of goitre which was considered to be only of cosmetic significance. Iodine deficiency is now recognized as the most common single preventable cause of mental defect in the world. Growing awareness of the importance of the manifestations of IDD, and of their profound impact on socio-economic development as well as on individual health and development, has led to a great acceleration of efforts to combat iodine deficiency in every region of the world. It is gratifying that a number of IDD experts have collaborated in compiling a global data bank on IDD, of which this volume is a summary. The ICCIDD, WHO and UNICEF are greatly indebted to the dedicated expert team which has worked on and compiled the data bank and this volume in particular. Of particular merit in this regard is the MDIS development group at Community Systems Foundation / University of Michigan headed by Dr. Jonathan Gorstein, in close collaboration with WHO, notably Dr. Graeme Clugston, Chief of the Nutrition Unit and Dr. Ken Bailey, Consultant to the WHO Nutrition Unit. Data have largely been provided from countries through WHO. Regional Advisors, who meticulously reviewed and updated information included in the MDIS. ICCIDD has provided close collaborative support to the development of the WHO IDD information system, notably through Dr. J.T. Dunn, Dr. F. Delange and Dr. M. Benmiloud. Data have also been provided by the ICCIDD Regional and Sub-Regional Coordinators, by UNICEF Country and Regional offices, and Dr. David Alnwick, Senior Micronutrient Advisor, UNICEF. WHO and ICCIDD are also most grateful to UNICEF for financing the last steps in the finalisation and publication of this document.

Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS v FOREWORD Dr. Basil Hetzel, Executive Director, ICCIDD vi i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i x I.A. INTRODUCTION 1 I.B. IODINED EFICIENCY DISORDERS (IDD) 2 I.C. PRESENTS TATUSO F IDD 4 I.D. MEASURING THE PREVALENCE & DISTRIBUTION OF IDD 6 1. Epidemiology of IDD A. Host Factors B. Environmental Factors C. Ecology of IDD Endemicity 2. IDD Indicators A. Clinical Indicators B. Biochemical Indicators 3. Tracking Progress Towards IDD Elimination I.E. ISSUES IN INTERPRETATION 10 1. Survey Design 2. Subject Selection 3. Data Aggregation 4. Limitations SECTION1 1. NATIO

Book Id: WPLBN0000207623
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 8,457,442 KB.
Reproduction Date: 2005
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Title:

World Health Organization Publication : 54015: Global Prevalence of Iodine Deficincy Disorders

Author:

Basil Hetzel

Volume:

Language:

English

Subject:

Health., Public health, Wellness programs

Collection:

World Health Collection

Subcollection:

Historic
Publication Date:

Publisher:

World Health Organization

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