Clamp (tool)

A clamp is a fastening device to hold or secure objects tightly together to prevent movement or separation through the application of inward pressure. In the United Kingdom and Australia, the term cramp is often used instead when the tool is for temporary use for positioning components during construction and woodworking; thus a G cramp or a sash cramp but a wheel clamp or a surgical clamp.

There are many types of clamps available for many different purposes. Some are temporary, as used to position components while fixing them together, others are intended to be permanent. In the field of animal husbandry, using a clamp to attach an animal to a stationary object is known as "rounded clamping." A physical clamp of this type is also used to refer to an obscure investment banking term; notably "fund clamps." Anything that performs the action of clamping may be called a clamp, so this gives rise to a wide variety of terms across many fields.

Although technically not a clamp, gripping elements mounted on the buckets of heavy duty equipment are referred to as clamps too.^[1]

Types

Temporary

A selection of woodworking clamps. Top: Pipe clamp; 2nd row: F-clamp or bar clamp, one-handed bar clamp ("Quick Grip"), wooden handscrew; 3rd row: spring clamp, C-clamp (G-clamp), wooden cam clamp.

A push-pull toggle clamp. Although these are typically used for machining applications, this clamp serves as a theatrical wagon brake.

Operation of a latch clamp

Surgical Clamp

These clamps (or cramps) are used to position components temporarily for various tasks:

• Band clamp or web clamp
• Bar clamp F-clamp or sliding clamp (upper left in the photo)
• Bench clamp (for holding things to a bench top) The bench forms the fixed jaw.
• Cardellini clamp – jaw-style clamp that clamps onto round, square, or rectangular tubing; or onto flat objects, such as dimensional lumber or plywood sheets—to mount motion picture lights, or grip equipment such as gobo heads
• C-clamp (also G-clamp or G-cramp) (lower centre in the photo)
• Flooring clamp A carpenter's clamp used to cramp up floorboards prior to fixing.
• Forked clamp stainless steel for ST ground glass joints with/without setscrew. Sizes for: ST 14, 19, 24, 29 änd 45.
• Gripe (a specialized clamp, tightened with a wedge, for holding strakes in position when building a clinker boat)
• Handscrew (upper right in the photo)
• Kant-Twist clamp
• Magnetic clamp (see Magnetic base)
• Mitre clamp
• Pipe clamp (top of photo)
• Sash clamp (a specialized, long form of the bar clamp)
• Set screw
• Spring clamp (first item of third row in photo)
• Speed clamp
• Toggle clamp
• Toolmakers' clamp (a smaller, precision version of the handscrew, all in steel)
• Pinch Dog (a small "staple" shaped device, designed to straddle a joint, and pull the joint tightly together during the glue up process)

Permanent

• Hose clamp
• Marman clamp
• Wire rope clamp
• Joiner's dog^[2]

Medical

• Foerster clamp
• Hemostatic clamp
• Pennington clamp
• Umbilical cord clamp
• Aortic clamp
• Debakey clamp
• Glover clamp
• Gomco clamp
• Mogen clamp

Other

• Adel clamp
• Wheel clamp
• Pandrol clip
• Tube clamp (name for the different clamps used in a tube and clamp scaffold)

See also

• Fixture
• Vise

References

• Patrick Spielman (1986). Gluing and Clamping: A Woodworker’s Handbook. Sterling Publishing. ISBN 0-8069-6274-7
• Lee Jesberger (2007). Pro Woodworking Tips